Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disease of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which is the ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach. When the LES is not working properly, stomach acid can reach the esophagus. This upward movement of stomach acid is referred to as reflux. If acid reflux is left untreated, it can cause damage and inflammation to the esophagus. A visit to your local family practice can determine what treatment is needed.

How Common is GERD?

In industrialized nations, nearly 20 to 40 percent of the adults suffer from heartburn often related to GERD. Anyone can have GERD – children, men, women, even infants. Some pregnant women find that they suffer from heartburn during pregnancy, but after delivery, the symptoms are reduced, if not completely gone.

What are the Symptoms of GERD?

Heartburn is the primary complaint with GERD. Heartburn is not the only symptom, as others include nausea, regurgitation and sometimes pain in the chest that can be mistaken for a heart attack. Patients also may complain of hoarseness in the morning, trouble swallowing, and some experience a choking sensation.

How is GERD Diagnosed?

GERD can be diagnosed by a physical evaluation at your family practice. Depending on the severity, there may be the need for further tests. These may include an endoscopic examination where a long tube with a camera attached to it is inserted into the esophagus to look for inflammation, tears and other damage. Other tests include an x-ray, biopsy, esophageal acid testing, manometry and others.

How is GERD Treated?

Some GERD symptoms can be alleviated by changing your diet and habits. Depending on the severity of the GERD, the treatment could be as simple as taking antacids or over-the counter medications, or your Gwinnett physicians may prescribe you a specific medication. There are surgical options for those patients who suffer from severe GERD.

While GERD is common, it should not be ignored. If you hare having heartburn more than twice a week or exhibiting other symptoms, visit a health professional for an evaluation. In many cases, damage is caused by untreated symptoms, and they may have been avoided if there had been medical intervention at the onset. In addition, there are some easy steps you can take for occasional bouts of GERD, such as making sure you eat three hours before going to bed, sleeping with your head elevated and avoiding spicy foods, alcohol and smoking. Overall, always use common sense and pay attention to what your body is telling you.