Hispanic man with symptoms of bronchitis

Bronchitis is the inflammation of the airways of the lungs, known as the bronchial tubes.  Acute bronchitis is a common respiratory illness that physicians see often in the winter.  It may develop from a chest cold, flu-like illness, or some other viral respiratory infection.  The acute form of bronchitis is a short-term infection that usually resolves in a few weeks, while chronic bronchitis is an ongoing condition.

Common Symptoms

The following are some common symptoms of acute bronchitis:

  • Cough
  • Thick mucus which may be clear, yellow, or greenish
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest discomfort
  • Wheezing
  • Fatigue
  • Low-grade fever
  • Stuffy or runny nose, or post-nasal drip

Other symptoms may include sore throat, body aches, and headache.

What groups are most at risk?

senior women coughing from acute bronchitis

Acute bronchitis can be a serious illness for babies, children, and seniors.  People with other serious health conditions including heart disease, lung disease, asthma, allergies, and those who smoke are also at higher risk of developing serious illness.  Most people recover from acute bronchitis within a week or two, although the cough may last longer.  People with other health problems may need medical treatment for acute bronchitis.

Are antibiotics needed?

Most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by a virus, so antibiotics are not generally effective.  If a bacterial infection is also present, an antibiotic may be prescribed.  Antibiotics may also be helpful in preventing complications, such as pneumonia, for people with other serious health issues.

Treatments

Cough medications may be helpful, particularly at bedtime.  People with allergies, asthma, or COPD may need to use an inhaler to reduce inflammation and keep airways open.  Doctors recommend getting plenty of rest and drinking fluids to stay hydrated.  Fluids help to loosen and thin the mucus, making it easier to cough up.  A humidifier or cool mist vaporizer can relieve stuffiness and open nasal passages.  A hot shower can also open airways.  Fever and body aches can be treated with acetaminophen.

When to Seek Medical Care

These symptoms indicate it’s time to see your doctor:

  • Cough that produces bloody mucus
  • Fever of 100.4 degrees or higher
  • Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
  • Symptoms that last more than 3 weeks
  • You have repeated bouts of bronchitis

RMD Primary Care

The physicians at RMD Primary Care are Board Certified in Family Medicine and Internal Medicine.  They provide comprehensive medical care, preventive services, and health maintenance.  Contact us to schedule an appointment.